Content (Syllabus outline)

Phytopathology with the basics of phytopharmacy. Introduction. Historical development of phytopathology as a and its significance. Plant diseases and their economic impact (on micro and macro level). Symphtomology – biotic and abiotic causes of variability (pathogen, host plant, environment). Parasites, their origin and kinds of parasitism. Adaptation of parasites, specialization and variability in fungi and bacteria. Parasitism; anatomic, morphologic and physiologic changes caused by parasites. Vectors of transmition, modes of penetration, pathogenesis and impact of ecology factors. Epidemiology. Passive and active resistance in plants, resistance inheritance, LAR, SAR. Diseases, caused by larger groups of agents and their systematics. Fungi and fungi like organisms (Chromista, Protozoa). Fungi: characteristics of organisms belonging to this Kingdom, classification, presentation and characteristics of mayor phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota). Chromista kingdom, with focus to phyllum Oomycota and its representatives. Plant pathogens from kingdom Protozoa, especially from phyllum Plasmodiophoromycota. Characteristics of plant diseases, caused by prokaryotes (bacteria, phytoplasma) and viruses on cultivated plants. Physiological diseases; their symptomatology – how to distinguish from those caused by pathogens. How can we prevent and control the plant diseases – appropriate methods: avoidance, exclusion and eradication of pathogens, and plant protection. Biological control. Chemical methods of pest control; protective, curative and eridicative procedures. Plant protection products (PPP) - pesticides; basic informations: active ingradients , commercial products, formulations, harvest waiting time, toxicity, MRL, labels, selectivity of PPP, mode of action, resistance to PPP. Safe and effective use of pesticides: preparation of spraying mixture, dosages, personal protection, first aid for pesticide poisoning.

Entomology: definitions,  history, tasks. Economic importance of pest insects, yield and quality losses, legislation from the field of plant health and pesticides. Typical damage caused by sucking, chewing and boring insects and vectors of plant diseases. Methods of their activities, reproduction and spreading. Detection methods and monitoring of plant pests. Morphology of insects. Abiotic and biotic factors in insect life. Economic threshold. Control methods of pests: indirect (plant hygiene, quarantine measures etc.); direct – mechanical, physical, biotechnical, biological, chemical; registered insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, limacides, rodenticides, repellents. Pest insects and diseases of many  cultivated plants: European mole cricket, leaf aphids, thrips, wireworms, European cockchafer, noctuids,seedling damping off,  grey rot, white mold (descriptions of damage they cause and control measures). Specific (economically important) pests and diseases of fruits plants (50 organisms), grapevine (25 organisms), vegetables (50 organisms), field crops and fodder plants (50 organisms) – Slovene and Latin names, types of damage they cause, control measures). Harmful organisms are presented according to the groups of hosts and damage they cause.

Prerequisites

Conditions for inclusion in the work:

Enrolment in the appropriate academic year.


Conditions for performing study obligations

Condition for performing  written preliminaryexamination:

-           Participation at practicals (75 %)

Condition for performing  written exam:

-           passed prreliminary examination

-           field work participation

-           presentation of seminar paper